WHAT CAUSES OF INFANT SIZE SMALLER THAN AGE OF CONTENTS (IUGR)?
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is the growth and development of the unborn child at any weight retarded fetuses compared with gestational age below the 10th percentile as determined by ultrasound.
What kind of restriction intrauterine growth (IUGR)?
There are two types of IUGR:
Asymmetric IUGR• All the internal organs including the head, legs and abdomen has been reduced in size. Asymmetric growth contributed 20% to 25% of all cases of IUGR.
Asymmetric IUGR
• Growth asymmetric characterized in which the head and brain size is equal to the age of the content, but the abdomen is smaller. Usually the asymmetric IUGR can not proven until the third trimester.
What is the cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)?
Pregnancy with the following conditions may have a greater risk of IUGR:
• Weight mother less than 45kg• Inadequate nutrition during pregnancy
• birth defects or chromosomal abnormalities
• The use of drugs, cigarettes, and / or alcohol
• Pregnancy Induced Hypertension (PIH)
• Abnormalities in placental / umbilical cord
• Abnormalities of the umbilical cord
• Content twins
• Pregnant women who have gestational diabetes / diabetes
• The low level of amniotic water or oligohydramnios.
How IUGR diagnosed?
• One of the most important things when diagnosing IUGR is to make sure the date and exact gestational age pregnancy. Gestational age can be calculated using the first day of last menstrual period (LMP) and ultrasound measurements in early pregnancy baby.When gestational age was determined, the following methods can be used to diagnose IUGR:
• uterine fundal height coincides with gestational age• calculated in ultrasound measurements is smaller than the age of the content.
• abnormal findings discovered through Doppler ultrasound
How IUGR treated?
• Although research shows that there is new research, but the optimal treatment for IUGR remains problematic. Most of the treatment depends on the age of your unborn baby content.• If the gestational age is 34 weeks or more, your doctor may recommend birth earlier with the help of induced methods.
• If the gestational age less than 34 weeks, your doctor will monitor your content up to 34 weeks or more. Development of the baby and the amount of amniotic water will be monitored during this time. If one of these is a problem, then promptly birth may be recommended by your doctor.
• Depending on your doctor, you will probably have a routine antenatal check ups every 2-6 weeks until you deliver. If the proposed birth before 34 weeks, your doctor may perform an amniocentesis to help evaluate the maturity of the baby's lungs.
What is the risk to infants born with IUGR?
• increased risk for cesarean delivery,• increased risk for hypoxia (lack of oxygen when the baby is born)
• Increased risk for meconium aspiration, when the baby swallows some of the first intestinal wastes. This can cause lung alveoli become larger, the baby can be infected with pneumonia bacteria / pneumothorax.
• hypoglycemia (low blood sugar levels)
• polycythemia (increased red blood cell count)
• Hyperviscosity (slow blood flow due to the increase in the number of red blood cells)
• increased risk for motor disabilities and neurology.